精品推荐—青铜鼎，老瓷器

鼎是我国青铜文化的代表。鼎在古代被视为立国重器，是国家和权力的象征。直到现在，中国人仍然有一种鼎崇拜的意识， “鼎”字也被赋予“显赫”、“ 尊贵”、“盛大”等引申意义，如：一言九鼎、大名鼎鼎、鼎盛时期、鼎力相助，等等。

藏品介绍

中文名称：分档三足鼎

英文名称：Three - legged tripod

类别：字画

规格：一副

品相：美品

可见底足三足形成的不同氧化效果，内部有明显的下凹三个圈，这也是分档鼎的特征，鼎又是旌功记绩的礼器。周代的国君或王公大臣在重大庆典或接受赏赐时都要铸鼎，以旌表功绩，记载盛况。

鼎被赋予神圣的色彩，起源于禹铸九鼎的传说。鼎本来是古代的烹饪之器，相当于现在的锅，用以炖煮和盛放鱼肉。许慎在《说文解字》里说：“鼎，三足两耳，和五味之宝器也。”有三足圆鼎，也有四足方鼎。最早的鼎是黏土烧制的陶鼎，后来又有了用 .青铜铸的铜鼎。

分裆鼎也称鬲鼎，是鬲和鼎的混合体。

商后期至西周早期鼎腹稍浅，两耳稍大，三足变为圆柱形，两耳位于三足之间，胎体厚重， 花纹精美，这一时期也有分裆鼎、四足方鼎和扁足圆鼎。

分裆鼎的裆部和分裆鬲的裆部相似。

青铜鼎的双耳与三足位置错开，十分精美，炉盖与炉身氧化一致，由于商周时期为青铜器的巅峰，可见其几千年并没有出现氧化腐蚀的情况，其工艺的神奇之处令人惊叹。

这件炉盖的整体纹饰，就是以生肖羊为主题，上下四长四短的四个羊角，极为明显，羊成为青铜重器着力表现的对象，有其独特的象征意义。先秦时期，人们对羊的个性有两个归纳：善良知礼；外柔内刚。羊“跪乳”的习性，被视为善良知礼，甚至被后世演绎为孝敬父母的典范；外柔内刚也被引申出许多神圣的秉性，传说的始祖皋陶敬羊，《诗经·召南》中也有“文王之政，廉直，德如羔羊”的说法。羊最通俗或民间化的象征意义便是“吉祥”，至少从汉代开始，羊就与吉祥联系在一起，汉代瓦当、铜镜等铭刻中多见“宜侯王大吉羊（祥）”铭文，吉祥有时直接写成“吉羊”。

这面表现的也是羊，我们称之为兽面纹，可见其阴刻纹路之精美，十分精湛，由于此时青铜中添加了锡元素，使得整个铜器表面光滑，没有任何蜂窝孔的现象，是青铜器的巅峰时期，至今无法超越，而青铜器贯穿我国悠久的历史文化，历来具有极高的收藏价值，在古代看你的身份就是看你有几个鼎，所谓的一言九鼎的九个鼎就是最高规格，象征着皇上，此鼎品相完美，寓意吉祥，具有极高的收藏价值。

青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。清康熙时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。

藏品介绍

中文名称：青花梅瓶

英文名称：Blue and white plum bottle

类别：瓷器

规格：一件

品相：美品

梅瓶是传统名瓷，梅瓶是一种小口、短颈、丰肩 、瘦底、圈足的瓶式，以口小只能插梅枝而得名。因瓶体修长，宋时称为“经瓶”，作盛酒用器，造型挺秀、俏丽，明朝以后被称为梅瓶。

梅瓶也称'经瓶'，最早出现于唐代，宋辽时期较为流行，并且出现了许多新品种。近代许之衡在《饮流斋说瓷》一书中详细地描述了梅瓶的形制、特征及名称由来：'梅瓶口细而颈短，肩极宽博，至胫稍狭，抵于足微丰，口径之小仅与梅之瘦骨相称，故名梅瓶。'关于梅瓶的用途，磁州窑白地黑花梅瓶器腹有“清沽美酒”与“醉乡酒海”的诗句。梅瓶既是酒器，又是一件令人爱不释手的观赏品。因此，这类器多制作精美，不但考虑到贮酒容量，还要注意造型优美。

可以看到釉面为漫反射光泽，青花吃进胎骨，晕散明显，其层次分明深浅不一，有着明显的笔画起落痕迹，整体器型规整，青花颜色偏黑淡，为典型的明代青花。

明初（洪武朝1368--1402）的青花器有大小盘、碗、梅瓶、玉壶春瓶等。所用青料以国产料为主，也不排除有少量进口料。青花发色有的淡蓝，有的泛灰。前者有一部分有晕散现象。纹饰布局仍有元代多层装饰的遗风，题材也变化不大，但许多细节已有变化：如蕉叶的中梗留白；花瓣留白边较之元代更明显清晰；牡丹叶子“缺刻”部位较深，不如元代的肥硕；菊花绘成“扁菊”，花芯以方格纹表现；龙纹仍是细长身，但除了三、四爪外，已出现五爪，爪形似风轮，气势不如元龙凶猛矫健。辅助纹饰的如意云头由元代的三阶云改为二阶云；莲瓣纹内多绘佛家八宝（元代多绘道家杂宝）。碗、小盘多绘云气纹，仅绘于器物外壁的上半部。器物底足多平切、砂底无釉见窑红。未出现年款，带款的器物也极少

胎底氧化发黄发黑，修胎痕迹明显，有明显的一圈圈螺纹。

这件梅瓶青花画面颜色深浅不一，青花晕散明显，画面极其生动自然，不管从任何角度欣赏都是古韵十足，青花瓷是能最好表现泼墨山水画的瓷器，这是其它瓷器所做不到的，所以青花瓷最具中国风，最能体现中国山水画艺术的最好载体，china这个单词大家都知道是中国的意思，可是最早这个单词的意思就是瓷器，因为当时中国被称之为瓷器之国，可见我国瓷器的影响之大，已经成为对外的一张艺术名片了，而当时出口瓷最多的就是青花瓷，这件青花瓷开门见老，画工精美，这件明代早期的青花梅瓶，底部画孔雀开屏纹，寓意吉祥，综上所述是一件十分难得的馆藏级藏品，可谓是千金易得，一宝难求，此梅瓶具有极高的收藏价值。

瓷胎画珐琅是清代皇室自用瓷器中最具特色，釉上彩瓷中最为精美的彩瓷器。从康熙的色浓庄重至雍正的清淡素雅，到乾隆时的精密繁复的雍荣华贵，使珐琅，这一洋味十足的彩料在瓷器上得到淋漓尽致的发挥。清代官窑自康熙始，不但恢复了明永乐、宣德以来的所有的品种特色，而且还创烧了许多新的品种。珐琅彩瓷就是清代唯一在皇帝直接授意下创烧的，其艺术风格适应皇室富贵华丽的装饰需求，较之于当时流行的斗彩、五彩瓷更具魅力。康熙的珐琅彩原为仿制铜胎珐琅器而来，它首次运用了进口彩料，其中最突出的是一种玫瑰红或胭脂红的色料，因其发色剂是微量的黄金，所以称为金红，与传统色料的铁红或铜红不同，能产生出不同的效果；另外一个不同之处是珐琅彩瓷的上彩方法，它区别中国传统彩瓷用胶水或清水的上色方法，开始用油料上彩，这显然是吸取了外来影响的。所以，珐琅彩一经问世就秘藏于皇宫内苑，专供皇室赏用。珐琅彩瓷器全部采用景德镇御窑厂烧制的精选细胎白瓷，运京后再由造办处珐琅作画师遵照御旨画彩，经炉火低温烘烤而成，而且进口彩料造价较昂贵，故生产数量十分有限。留存至今的珐琅彩瓷器更是弥足珍贵了。

藏品介绍

中文名称：珐琅花鸟盘

英文名称：Enamelled flower and bird dish

规格：一件

类别：瓷器

品相：美品。

底款落乾隆年制印章款，圈足细，为罕见的糯米胎，最早称之为“糯米汁胎”是形象描述胎体的质感，如同糯米经水磨后流出的米浆一般细腻、光滑。后被称为糯米胎，此胎极其细腻，是瓷石经过多次提炼极其细腻后才有的极品瓷胎，这种瓷胎轻扣声音清脆悦耳，胎质紧密，较一般瓷器硬度要高，抗热涨冷缩能力强，很多瓷器经历上百年时间就会自然的干裂，我们成为阴裂现象，与窑裂不同，是后期形成的，而糯米胎瓷器就不会出现这种问题，由于瓷土极其细腻，也不会出现棕眼的现象，是美瓷的重要要素。

这件珐琅彩十分精美，以鸽子为主题，鸽子寓意：鸽子是非常恋巢的动物，养鸽人常说“不死必归”，形容鸽子不论多远，不论遇到多大困难都要回到家的精神。因此鸽子也可以指代顾家、回归。除了画鸽子，也画了四君子之三：竹子，菊花，兰花等，由于梅花在冬季盛开，所以并没有画，右上题字，翠竹开长夏，佳音报平安，寓意吉祥，为市场讨喜的精品瓷器。

珐琅彩瓷自清康熙晚期创烧后一直被视为名贵的宫廷御用瓷器，深受历代皇帝的珍爱。乾隆时期，珐琅彩瓷的烧制更为皇帝重视，烧制时往往要秉承御旨，在怡亲王的主持下，分别于清宫造办处、圆明园造办处及怡亲王府三处设窑烧制。其绘画多出于清宫如意馆画师之手，精妙绝伦，形成了融诗、书、画为一体的艺术风格，使珐琅彩工艺达到了历史的高峰。珐琅彩瓷是清代唯一在皇帝直接授意下创烧的，其艺术风格适应皇室富贵华丽的装饰需求，较之于当时流行的斗彩、五彩瓷更具魅力。它一经问世就秘藏于皇宫内苑，专供皇室赏用。珐琅彩瓷器全部采用景德镇御窑厂烧制的精选细胎白瓷，运京后再由造办处珐琅作画师遵照御旨画彩，经炉火低温烘烤而成。由于珐琅料依赖于进口，故造价较昂贵，珐琅器的生产数量十分有限，此盘品相完美，无磕，无残，具有极高的收藏价值。

英文翻译：Tripod is the representative of Chinese bronze culture. In ancient times, the ding was regarded as the most important instrument for the establishment of a nation and a symbol of state and power. Up to now, Chinese people still have a sense of ding worship, and the word 'Ding' has been endowed with extended meanings such as 'prominent', 'noble', 'grand', etc., such as 'a word with nine ding-ding', 'famous name', 'golden age', 'full support' and so on.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: three-legged tripod

Among them are Three - legged tripod

Category: Calligraphy and Painting

Specification: one pair

Appearance: Beautiful

It can be seen that the different oxidation effects formed by the three feet of the bottom have three distinct concave loops inside, which is also the feature of the sorting tripod, which is also a ritual instrument for jing Gong to record achievements. In the Zhou Dynasty, the king or the princes and nobles would cast trims on great celebrations or the reception of gifts, and the achievements would be recorded in the form of ornaments.

The tripod is endowed with sacred color, which originated from the legend of yu Zhu Jiu ding. The ding was originally an ancient cooking vessel, which is equivalent to the current pot, used for stewed and serving fish. Xu Shen said in Shuo Wen Jie Zi, 'The tripod, three feet and two ears, and the precious vessel of five tastes.' There are three-legged round tripods, and four-legged square tripods. The earliest tripod was made of clay, and later bronze tripod was made of bronze.

Li Tripod is also called Li Tripod, which is a mixture of li and ding.

From the later Period of Shang Dynasty to the early Period of Western Zhou Dynasty, the tripods were slightly shallow in the abdomen, the two ears were slightly larger, the tripods were cylindrical, the two ears were located between the tripods, the body was thick and the patterns were exquisite, there were also tripods, quadripods and flat-footed round tripods in this period.

The crotch of the tripod is similar to the crotch of the tripod.

The two ears and three feet of the bronze tripod are staggered, which is very exquisite. The furnace cover and the furnace body are oxidized in the same way. Since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the peak of bronze wares, it can be seen that there was no oxidation corrosion for thousands of years, and the magic of its technology is amazing.

The overall decoration of the furnace cover is themed with the zodiac sheep. The upper and lower four long and four short horns are very obvious. The sheep has become the object of the bronze heavy wares, which has its unique symbolic significance. In the pre-Qin period, people summed up the sheep's personality in two ways: kindness and politeness; Soft outside but firm inside. The habit of 'kneeling down to milk' was regarded as a kind and courteous behavior, and was even interpreted as a model of filial piety by later generations. Soft outside and just inside has also been extended to many sacred nature, legend of the ancestor Gao Tao Jing sheep, 'The Book of Songs · Zhaonan' also has 'wen Wang's politics, integrity, morality as a lamb'. The most popular or folk symbol of sheep is 'auspicious'. Since at least the Han Dynasty, sheep has been associated with auspicious. In the Han Dynasty, inscriptions such as tiles, bronze mirrors and so on are often found with inscriptions of 'Auspicious Hou King Daji Sheep (Xiang)', and auspicious is sometimes written directly as 'Auspicious sheep'.

Sheep the surface performance, we call those lines, visible the intaglio lines of elegant, is very exquisite, because the bronze tin element is added to make the copper surface is smooth, no the phenomenon of honeycomb holes, bronze peak, is still unable to transcend, and bronze throughout China's long history culture, has a very high collection value, in ancient times to see your identity is to see you have several ding, so-called narain nine ding is the highest specifications, the symbol of the emperor, the tripod quality perfect, meaning auspicious, has a very high collection value.

Blue and white porcelain, also known as white blue and white porcelain, is often referred to as blue and white porcelain. It is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain, and belongs to underglaze color porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, which is decorated on the ceramic body, then covered with a layer of transparent glaze, and fired by a high temperature reduction flame. Cobalt material is blue after burning, with strong coloring, bright hair color, high burning rate and color stability. The original blue and white porcelain appeared in The Tang and Song dynasties, while the mature blue and white porcelain appeared in the Hutian kiln of Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty. The blue and white of Ming Dynasty became the mainstream of porcelain. It reached its peak during the Kangxi period of qing Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it also created blue-and-white colorful, malachite-green glaze blue-and-white, soya-green glaze blue-and-white, blue-and-white red, yellow-ground blue-and-white, blue-and-white and other derivative varieties.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: blue and white plum vase

Blue and White Plum Bottle

Category: Porcelain

Specification: one piece

Appearance: Beautiful

Plum vase is a traditional famous porcelain vase with small mouth, short neck, abundant shoulders, thin bottom and round feet. It is named for its small mouth that can only hold plum branches. Because of its slender body, it was called 'Jing Bottle' in the Song Dynasty. It was used as a vessel for holding wine with a graceful and handsome shape. After the Ming Dynasty, it was called Plum bottle.

Plum vase, also known as Jing Vase, first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, became popular in the Song and Liao dynasties, and many new varieties appeared. In modern times, Xu Zhicheng described in detail the shape, characteristics and the origin of the name of the plum bottle in the book 'Porcelain for Drinking Flow Zhai' : 'The mouth of the plum bottle is thin, the neck is short, the shoulder is very broad, the shank is narrow, and the foot is slightly rich. The diameter is small only in proportion to the thin bone of the plum, so the name plum bottle. As for the use of plum bottle, there are verses such as 'Clear wine' and 'sea of wine' in the belly of the white ground black plum bottle in Cizhou Kiln. Plum bottle is not only a wine utensil, but also an irresistible ornamental object. Accordingly, this kind of implement makes delicate more, not only take into account storage wine capacity, pay attention to modelling to be graceful even.

It can be seen that the glaze is of diffuse reflection luster, and the blue and white flowers eat into the fetus bone, which is obviously halo and scattered, with distinct layers and different depths, with obvious traces of strokes rising and falling. The overall shape of the vessel is regular, and the blue and white color is black and light, which is a typical Blue and white of the Ming Dynasty.

In the early Ming Dynasty (hongwu Dynasty 1368--1402), blue and white vessels were large and small plates, bowls, plum bottles, and jade POTS of spring, etc. The use of green materials to domestic materials, do not exclude a small amount of imported materials. The blue and white hair is either pale blue or grayish. The former part has the phenomenon of halo dispersion. The layout of the decoration still has the multi-layer style of the Yuan Dynasty, and the theme has not changed much, but many details have changed: for example, the middle stem of the banana leaf is left blank; Petal white margin is more obvious than the Yuan Dynasty; The 'uncut' part of peony leaves is deeper than that of the Yuan Dynasty. Chrysanthemum painted into 'flat chrysanthemum', the flower core with chequered pattern; Dragon pattern is still slender body, but in addition to three, four claws, has appeared five claws, claw shape like wind wheel, momentum is not as fierce and vigorous yuan Dragon. The ruyi cloud head of the auxiliary decoration changed from the third-order cloud to the second-order cloud in yuan Dynasty; Lotus petal pattern inside the eight treasures painted Buddhist (Yuan Dynasty painting Taoist miscellaneous treasure). The bowl, the small plate more painted cloud grain, only painted on the upper half of the vessel wall. Utensil bottom more than flat cut, sand bottom no glaze kiln red. Did not appear the year, the implements with money is also very few

The tire bottom oxidized yellow and black, the tire repair marks are obvious, there are obvious circle threads.

This plum bottle of blue and white picture color shades, blue and white halo powder, picture extremely vivid and natural, no matter from any Angle to appreciate is a sensibility, blue and white porcelain is the best performance splash-ink landscape painting of China, it is the other porcelain can't do, so most Chinese wind of blue and white porcelain, most can reflect the best carrier of Chinese landscape painting art, China this word is the meaning of the Chinese is known to all, but the meaning of this word is the earliest porcelain, because the country is referred to as Chinese porcelain, is our country the influence of China, has become a foreign art card, at a time when export porcelain is blue and white porcelain, This early Ming Dynasty blue and white plum vase has a peacock's screen at the bottom, which means good luck. To sum up, it is a rare collection. It can be said that a thousand gold pieces are easy to get and a treasure is hard to find, so this plum vase has high collection value.

Porcelain body painting enamel is the most characteristic of the qing dynasty royal porcelain, the most exquisite color porcelain glaze porcelain. From kangxi's solemn color to Yongzheng's delicate simple elegance, to Qianlong's delicate and complicated elegance, enamel, the full of foreign color material on the porcelain to get the most incisively and vividly play. Since the beginning of The Reign of Emperor Kangxi, the imperial kilns of the Qing Dynasty not only recovered all the characteristics of the varieties since the reign of Emperor Yongle and xuande of the Ming Dynasty, but also created and burned many new varieties. Enamel porcelain was the only one created and burned under the direct instruction of the emperor in the Qing Dynasty. Its artistic style adapted to the rich and magnificent decoration requirements of the royal family and was more attractive than the popular fighting color and colorful porcelain at that time. The enamel of Kang Xi is imitated copper tire enamel implement originally and come, it used entrance colour makings for the first time, among them the most outstanding is the makings of a kind of rose red or carmine red, because its hair colour agent is trace gold, call jin Hong so, with the iron red of traditional makings or copper red different, can produce a different effect; Another difference is the method of painting enamel porcelain. It is different from the traditional way of painting Chinese color porcelain with glue or water. It began to paint with oil, which obviously absorbed foreign influence. Therefore, once the enamel color came out, it was hidden in the imperial court, for the royal family to enjoy. All the enamel porcelain is made of fine white porcelain fired by jingdezhen royal kiln factory. After being transported to Beijing, it is made by enamel painters in accordance with the imperial order and baked by fire at low temperature. Moreover, the cost of imported color is relatively high, so the production quantity is very limited. The enamel-colored porcelain that remains today is even more precious.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Enamelled flower and bird dish

Enamelled flower and bird dish

Specification: one piece

Category: Porcelain

Appearance: Beautiful.

The bottom money falls into the qianlong system seal money, the circle foot is fine, is a rare glutinous rice fetus, the earliest called 'glutinous rice juice fetus' is the image describes the texture of the fetus body, like the rice milk flowing out of the glutinous rice by water grinding general delicate, smooth. Called glutinous rice, after the child is very exquisite, is China stone some acura after many refined extremely delicate porcelain body, the porcelain body light sweet crisp, TaiZhi closely, more like porcelain higher hardness, heat from the cold resistance is strong, a lot of China experienced hundreds of years to naturally weather-shack, we become Yin crack phenomenon, unlike kiln crack, late is formed, and glutinous rice porcelain will not appear this kind of problem, because China clay is extremely delicate, also won't appear the phenomenon of brown eyes, is one of the important elements of the porcelain.

Pigeons are very fond of their nests. Pigeon owners often say that pigeons 'will return if they die', which describes their spirit of returning home no matter how far away they are or how much difficulties they encounter. So pigeons can also refer to caring for the family and returning. In addition to the pigeon, he also painted three of the four gentlemen: bamboo, chrysanthemum, orchid and so on. Since the plum blossom is in full bloom in winter, he did not paint the picture. The inscription on the top right reads, green bamboo is in long summer, good news will bring peace, which means good luck and will please the market.

Enamel colored porcelain has been regarded as valuable imperial porcelain since the creation and burning of the late Kangxi Emperor in qing Dynasty, and is deeply cherished by emperors of all dynasties. During the Qianlong period, the emperor paid more attention to the firing of enamel colored porcelain, which was usually carried out in accordance with the imperial decree. Under the auspices of Prince Yi, three kilns were set up respectively in the Palace of Qing, Yuanming Yuan and Prince Yi's palace. Most of his paintings are from the hands of artists in the Ruyi Museum of the Qing Palace, exquisite, the formation of a fusion of poetry, books, painting as one of the artistic style, so that the enamel color technology reached the peak of history. Enamel porcelain was the only one created and burned under the direct instruction of the emperor in the Qing Dynasty. Its artistic style adapted to the rich and magnificent decoration requirements of the royal family and was more attractive than the popular fighting color and colorful porcelain at that time. As soon as it appeared, it was hidden in the palace courtyard for the royal family to enjoy. All the enamel porcelain is made of fine white porcelain fired by jingdezhen royal kiln factory. After being transported to Beijing, it is made by enamel painters in accordance with the imperial order and baked by fire at low temperature. Because the enamel depends on the import, so the cost is expensive, the production quantity of enamel ware is very limited, this dish looks perfect, no knock, no residue, has the extremely high collection value.