小学语法：行为动词

小学语法：行为动词

就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词（也叫动名词）+ing、过去式+ed。

（1）动词第三人称单数变化规则：

A、一般直接加―s‖，如：play – plays, visit – visits, speak – speaks ；

B、以-s，-x，-sh，-ch结尾时，加-es，如：catch – catches, watch – watches ；

C、以―辅音字母+y结尾时，变-y为-i再加-es，如：carry – carries, study – studies 。

（2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：

A、一般直接加-ing，如：go – going, do – doing, look – looking ；

B、以不发音的―e结尾的单词，去―e 加―ing，如：take – taking, make – making, have – having ；

C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加―ing‖，如：

put – putting, stop – stopping, run – running, get – getting, swim – swimming, sit – sitting, begin – beginning, jog – jogging, forget – forgetting 。

（3）过去式构成规则：

A、一般直接加―ed，如：plant – planted, visit – visited, pick – picked ；

B、以不发音字母―e结尾，直接加―ed，如：like – liked, hope – hoped, taste – tasted ；

C、以―辅音字母+y结尾时，变―y为―i再加―ed，如：try – tried, carry – carried, study – studied ；

D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加―ed‖，如：stop – stopped ；

E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆：

是-am(be)-was-being； 是-are(be)-were-being； 是-be-was, were-being；

成为-become-became-becoming； 开始-begin-began-beginning；

弯曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing； 买-buy-bought-buying；

能-can-could-----；捕捉-catch-caught-catching； 选择-choose-chose-choosing；

来-come-came-coming； 切-cut-cut-cutting； 做-do, does-did-doing；

画-draw-drew-drawing； 饮-drink-drank-drinking； 吃-eat-ate-eating；

感觉-feel-felt-feeling； 发现-find-found-finding； 飞-fly-flew-flying；

忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；

走-go-went-going；成长-grow-grew-growing；有-have, has-had-having；

听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；

知道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned, learnt-learning；

允许，让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying； 制造-make-made-making；

可以-may-might----；意味-mean-meant-meaning；会见 -meet-met-meeting；

必须-must-must----；放置-put-put-putting；读-read-read-reading；

骑、乘-ride-rode-riding；响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；

说-say-said-saying；看见-see-saw-seeing；将-shall-should----；

唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；

说-speak-spoke-speaking； 度过-spend-spent-spending 。

练一练：

1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。

drink __________go ____________stay __________make __________look __________have _________ pass __________carry __________come ___________watch __________plant _________fly ________ study ________brush _________do ___________teach____________ take__________ see__________

2、写出下列动词的现在分词。

put __________give __________fly _________get ________dance ________sit_________ run ________ plant _________take ___________swim _________ask ___________stop __________take _________ write __________have __________smoke _________ think__________ want__________ tell__________

3、写出下列动词的过去式。

isam _________fly _______plant ________are ________drink _________play _______

go ________make ________does _________dance ________worry ___________

ask ________taste _________eat __________draw ________put ______throw ________

kick _________pass _______do ________

4、用动词的适当形式填空。

（1）I ______to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _______to school with me. Yesterday we _______to school together. We like ________to school very much. ( go )

（2）They usually _______lunch at home. But last week, they ____lunch at school. ( have )

（3）That______my English book. It _____new. But now it _____not here. It ______there a moment ago. ( be )

（4）My sister likes ________very much. She often _______at our school festival. Last term, she _______a lot of songs in the school hall. She _____beautifully. ( sing )

（5）What _____ he usually ______on Sunday? He usually ______his homework. Look!

He __________his homework now. ______he _______his homework last Sunday?

Yes, he_______. ( do )

（6）Do people usually_______ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Did you _______moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I _______a lot of delicious moon cakes. ( eat )